包装“瘦身”新国标实施 向茶叶过度包装说“不”！The implementation of the new national standard for packaging "slimming down" says "no" to excessive packaging of tea!

　　新华社杭州9月1日电 题：包装“瘦身”新国标实施　向茶叶过度包装说“不”！

　　新华社记者张璇

　　新修订的《限制商品过度包装要求　食品和化妆品》（以下简称新国标）于9月1日起实施，这意味着对包括茶叶在内的食品、化妆品的包装都有了新的限制。

　　记者采访了解到，自今年4月起，各地不断深入推进茶叶过度包装专项治理，行业对于过度包装问题的重视程度快速提升，茶叶包装“轻装上阵”后，茶企“负担”小了，消费者实惠多了。

　　向茶叶过度包装说“不”

　　“茶叶2两、包装2斤”，在茶产品的实际销售过程中，很多商家为了“创造更大的经济价值”，往往会在茶叶包装上动脑筋，由此产生的过度包装问题一度成为一种常态。中国消费者协会于今年3月发布的调查报告显示，超八成消费者反对过度包装。

　　图为今年5月份杭州市市场监督管理局查处的一款过度包装茶叶，这个净含量50g茶叶的茶叶包装，空隙率达到72%，不符合新国标规定。（杭州市市场监督管理局供图）

　　“很多消费者买茶叶也就花个150元左右，而有的茶叶包装成本就要100元。”杭州余杭天龙茶叶有限责任公司负责人徐荣炳坦言，部分消费者买茶是为了送礼，认为礼盒包装越精致、送礼越体面。

　　针对过度包装问题，新国标对包括茶叶在内的31类食品、16类化妆品的包装层数、包装成本、空隙率等均做了明确规定。

　　“按照新标准，茶叶包装不能超过四层，包装成本小于等于整体售价的20%。”杭州市市场监督管理局质量稽查大队大队长俞杰说，标准还按照包装内单件物品的净含量，对包装空隙率做了详细规定。“比如一罐茶叶的净含量大于50克，将这罐茶叶包装在一个盒子里，这个盒子的空隙率就要小于等于30%。”

　　8月29日，记者在江南茶叶市场一商户拍下的浙江新昌大佛龙井包装，铁盒里有铝箔袋密封的125g茶叶，当地市场监管部门介绍符合新国标标准。新华社记者张璇 摄

　　与此同时，《限制商品过度包装要求　食品和化妆品》国家标准第2号修改单正在面向社会征求意见，其内容包括“包装层数从最多不超过四层减少为最多不超过三层”“包装成本占销售价格的比例从20%调减为15%”等，这些调整均经过严谨的市场调研和论证。

　　“市场上茶叶产品的主流包装为两层和三层，三层包装完全可以满足茶叶的保护、展示、储存、运输等必要的功能需求。”市场监管总局标准技术管理司副司长魏宏说，调研发现近九成的产品包装成本在总成本的15%以下，平均包装成本占比7.9%，因此包装成本有进一步降低的空间。

　　自今年4月起，多地展开查处行动。截至目前，浙江已出动执法人员2.3万人次，查封扣押违法包装1.59万个，纠正查处茶叶过度包装等问题548个；福建约谈属地电商22次，出具整改通知书155份；四川开展执法者普法2705次，发布反对过度包装公益广告4748次，企业签订承诺书1715份。

　　“我国是茶叶大国，种植规模、总产量、消费量均稳居世界第一位。全行业现有各类茶叶生产经营主体近155万家。”中国茶叶流通协会副监事长申卫伟说，茶叶过度包装专项治理工作开展以来，全行业对于过度包装问题的重视程度快速提升，企业主动整改不断提速。

　　包装“瘦身”带来哪些新改变

　　包装“瘦身”新国标实施，到底会对行业、消费者、监管部门等带来哪些新的改变？

　　——茶叶包装正“轻装上阵”。江南茶叶市场是杭州年成交量最大的茶叶集散基地，每天来这里的茶叶采购商络绎不绝。记者日前走进该市场看到，一层的商店里摆放着各类包装的茶叶，大多为散装、纸质包装、铁罐包装及礼盒包装，包装层数都在三层以内。打开一款名为“老树龙井礼盒”的茶叶产品，一个书本大小的纸质材料礼盒内放有两罐铁罐茶，当地市场监管部门介绍，这款产品就符合新国标要求。

　　该款龙井茶包装的包装层数、包装成本、空隙率均符合新国标要求。（浙江省市场监督管理局供图）

　　——企业“负担”小了，消费者实惠多了。一家茶叶企业负责人陈瑞鸿认为，整治过度包装对行业的高质量发展大有裨益。这可以让企业将注意力回归到茶叶本身的品质上，而不是用包装去吸引消费者，形成良性竞争。“我们现在会把更多的中国风元素融入茶叶包装，让包装更有文化味道。”

　　江南茶叶市场负责人廖长友表示，以杭州余杭的径山茶为例，以前包装成本需要50-60元，现在只要20元左右，包装价格下降之后，产品价格也会下降。

　　——线上线下共同发力，监管提能增效。针对电商平台多、茶叶交易活跃的特点，北京市市场监督管理局集中约谈京东、美团、抖音等平台企业，引导企业加强商品包装内部审核；依托平台经济数字化监管系统“浙江公平在线”，浙江省市场监督管理局建立了“茶叶过度包装在线监测模型”，对天猫、京东、拼多多等30家电商平台开展监测，覆盖1.3万家网店和16.3万条商品信息。

　　让包装“简约风”落在实处

　　茶叶过度包装容易造成资源浪费和环境污染，很多茶叶礼盒难以二次利用，往往容易废弃成为生活垃圾。新国标实施将让低碳环保深入人心。受访人士认为，包装“简约风”不是一阵风，而要多管齐下，防止问题反弹回潮。

　　中国茶叶股份有限公司技术委员会主任委员危赛明认为，新国标对规范引领茶叶行业的健康发展，对建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会，加快绿色低碳转型都具有十分重要的引导作用。

　　记者了解到，浙江出台《全省茶叶过度包装网络禁售目录操作指引》，督促电商平台加强平台内经营者包装合规性审核。例如淘宝、天猫已对在线的商品合规和商家整改效果进行动态监测评估，对39种过度包装茶叶产品实施禁售。

　　在中国包装联合会质量标准部副部长范紫薇看来，包装的创新也很重要。联合会利用包装行业科技奖、研发中心等平台，推动包装企业利用可再生材料、可降解材料、可回收材料等，开发出更环保的包装方式。

　　不过茶叶过度包装还存在一些监管难点，有消费者会通过作坊、农户处购买，定制“精美”包装的茶叶礼盒，把包装看作“面子”，消费观念未完全转变；部分茶叶经营者为躲避监管，通过直播带货、微商等形式进行网络交易，隐蔽性较强。

　　江苏、福建、安徽、四川等多地市场监管部门表示，在即将到来的中秋、国庆，会提前做好节前和节日期间的执法检查工作安排，紧盯流通环节，严格商品包装管理，强化行政执法，持续巩固治理成果。

Hangzhou, September 1 (Xinhua) -- The implementation of the new national standard for packaging "slimming down" says "no" to excessive packaging of tea!

Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Xuan

The newly revised "Restrictions on Excessive Packaging Requirements for Food and Cosmetics" (hereinafter referred to as the new national standard) will come into effect on September 1st, which means there are new restrictions on the packaging of food and cosmetics, including tea.

The reporter learned from the interview that since April this year, various regions have continuously promoted the special governance of excessive packaging of tea, and the industry's attention to the issue of excessive packaging has rapidly increased. After the "light packaging" of tea packaging, the "burden" of tea enterprises has been reduced, and consumers have benefited much more.

Say 'no' to excessive packaging of tea leaves

In the actual sales process of tea products, many merchants often use their brains on tea packaging in order to "create greater economic value". The problem of excessive packaging caused by this has become a norm. The survey report released by the China Consumers Association in March this year showed that over 80% of consumers oppose excessive packaging.

The picture shows a tea product with excessive packaging that was investigated and dealt with by the Hangzhou Market Supervision Administration in May this year. The tea packaging with a net content of 50g has a porosity of 72%, which does not comply with the new national standard regulations. (Image provided by Hangzhou Municipal Administration for Market Regulation)

Many consumers only spend around 150 yuan on tea, while some tea packaging costs up to 100 yuan, "said Xu Rongbing, the head of Hangzhou Yuhang Tianlong Tea Co., Ltd. Some consumers buy tea as gifts, believing that the more exquisite the gift box packaging, the more dignified the gift.

In response to the issue of excessive packaging, the new national standard has made clear regulations on the packaging layers, packaging costs, porosity, etc. for 31 types of food, including tea, and 16 types of cosmetics.

According to the new standard, tea packaging cannot exceed four layers, and the packaging cost is less than or equal to 20% of the overall selling price, "said Yu Jie, the head of the Quality Inspection Brigade of the Hangzhou Market Supervision Administration. The standard also provides detailed regulations on the packaging void ratio based on the net content of individual items inside the packaging. For example, if the net content of a can of tea is greater than 50 grams, and the tea is packaged in a box, the void ratio of the box should be less than or equal to 30%

On August 29th, a reporter took a picture of the packaging of Zhejiang Xinchang Dafo Longjing tea at a merchant in the Jiangnan tea market. The iron box contained 125g of tea sealed in an aluminum foil bag. The local market supervision department stated that it met the new national standard. Photo by Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Xuan

At the same time, the second amendment to the national standard "Restrictions on Excessive Packaging Requirements for Food and Cosmetics" is currently soliciting opinions from the society. Its contents include "reducing the number of packaging layers from a maximum of four to a maximum of three" and "reducing the proportion of packaging cost to sales price from 20% to 15%". These adjustments have been rigorously researched and demonstrated in the market.

The mainstream packaging for tea products in the market is two-layer and three-layer, and three-layer packaging can fully meet the necessary functional needs of tea protection, display, storage, transportation, etc., "said Wei Hong, Deputy Director of the Standard Technology Management Department of the State Administration for Market Regulation. Research has found that nearly 90% of product packaging costs are below 15% of the total cost, with an average packaging cost accounting for 7.9%. Therefore, there is room for further reduction in packaging costs.

Since April this year, many places have launched investigations and punishments. As of now, Zhejiang has dispatched 23000 law enforcement personnel, seized and detained 15900 illegal packaging items, and corrected and investigated 548 issues such as excessive packaging of tea leaves; Fujian has held 22 talks with local e-commerce companies and issued 155 rectification notices; Sichuan has carried out 2705 legal education campaigns for law enforcers, published 4748 public service advertisements opposing excessive packaging, and signed 1715 commitment letters from enterprises.

China is a major tea producing country, with planting scale, total output, and consumption ranking first in the world. There are nearly 1.55 million tea production and operation entities in the entire industry, "said Shen Weiwei, Vice Chairman of the China Tea Circulation Association. Since the launch of the special governance work on excessive packaging of tea, the industry has rapidly increased its attention to the issue of excessive packaging, and enterprises have taken the initiative to rectify and accelerate the process.

What new changes does packaging "slimming" bring

What new changes will the implementation of the new national standard for packaging "slimming" bring to the industry, consumers, regulatory authorities, etc?

——Tea packaging is now "lightly loaded". The Jiangnan Tea Market is the largest tea distribution base in Hangzhou in terms of annual trading volume, with a continuous stream of tea buyers coming here every day. The reporter recently walked into the market and saw that various types of packaged tea were placed in the shops on the first floor, mostly in bulk, paper packaging, iron can packaging, and gift box packaging, with packaging layers within three layers. Open a tea product called "Old Tree Longjing Gift Box", which contains two cans of iron can tea in a book sized paper gift box. According to the local market supervision department, this product meets the requirements of the new national standard.

The packaging layers, packaging cost, and void ratio of this Longjing tea meet the requirements of the new national standard. (Image provided by Zhejiang Provincial Administration for Market Regulation)

——The burden on enterprises has decreased, and consumers have benefited much more. Chen Ruihong, the head of a tea company, believes that cracking down on excessive packaging is of great benefit to the high-quality development of the industry. This can allow companies to return their attention to the quality of the tea itself, rather than using packaging to attract consumers and form a healthy competition. We will now incorporate more Chinese style elements into tea packaging to make it more cultural

Liao Changyou, the person in charge of Jiangnan Tea Market, said that taking Jingshan tea from Yuhang, Hangzhou as an example, the packaging cost used to be 50-60 yuan, but now it is only about 20 yuan. After the packaging price decreases, the product price will also decrease.

——Working together online and offline to enhance regulatory capabilities and efficiency. In view of the characteristics of many e-commerce platforms and active tea trading, the Beijing Municipal Market Supervision and Administration Bureau has made centralized interviews with platform enterprises such as Jingdong, Meituan and Tiktok to guide enterprises to strengthen the internal audit of commodity packaging; Relying on the platform economy digital supervision system "Zhejiang Fair Online", the Zhejiang Provincial Administration for Market Regulation has established an "Online Monitoring Model for Excessive Tea Packaging" to monitor 30 e-commerce platforms such as Tmall, JD.com, and Pinduoduo, covering 13000 online stores and 163000 product information.

Let the "minimalist style" of packaging be put into practice

Excessive packaging of tea can easily lead to resource waste and environmental pollution. Many tea gift boxes are difficult to reuse and often become household waste. The implementation of the new national standard will make low-carbon environmental protection deeply rooted in people's hearts. The interviewee believes that the "minimalist style" of packaging is not just a gust of wind, but requires multiple measures to prevent problems from rebounding.

Wei Saiming, Chairman of the Technical Committee of China Tea Group Co., Ltd., believes that the new national standard plays a very important guiding role in regulating and leading the healthy development of the tea industry, building a resource-saving and environmentally friendly society, and accelerating the green and low-carbon transformation.

The reporter learned that Zhejiang has issued the "Guidelines for the Operation of the Provincial Tea Overpackaging Network Prohibited Sales Catalogue", urging e-commerce platforms to strengthen the compliance review of packaging by operators within the platform. For example, Taobao and Tmall have dynamically monitored and evaluated the compliance of online products and the effectiveness of merchant rectification, and banned the sale of 39 types of excessively packaged tea products.

In the view of Fan Ziwei, Deputy Director of the Quality Standards Department of the China Packaging Federation, innovation in packaging is also very important. The Federation utilizes platforms such as packaging industry technology awards and research and development centers to promote packaging companies to use renewable materials, biodegradable materials, recyclable materials, etc., and develop more environmentally friendly packaging methods.

However, there are still some regulatory difficulties in excessive packaging of tea. Some consumers may purchase tea gift boxes with "exquisite" packaging through workshops and farmers, viewing packaging as "face saving", and their consumption concepts have not fully changed; Some tea operators engage in online transactions through live streaming sales, micro commerce, and other forms to evade supervision, which is highly covert.

Market supervision departments in Jiangsu, Fujian, Anhui, Sichuan and other places have stated that they will make arrangements for law enforcement inspections before and during the upcoming Mid Autumn Festival and National Day, closely monitor the circulation process, strictly manage product packaging, strengthen administrative law enforcement, and continuously consolidate governance achievements.